abstract：:The secretory granules of pancreatic beta cells are specialized organelles responsible for the packaging, storage and secretion of the vital hormone insulin. The insulin secretory granules also contain more than 100 other proteins including the proteases involved in proinsulin-to insulin conversion, other precursor pr...

journal_title：Advances in experimental medicine and biology

authors： Guest PC

更新日期：2019-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Nurses serve a valuable role in the healthcare industry. Nurses are trained with the skills and knowledge to thrive in a fast-paced, evolving environment. In order to meet the complex and diverse needs of patients, nurses must be able to assess and prioritize care to produce safe and high-quality outcomes. Simulation ...

journal_title：Advances in experimental medicine and biology

authors： Hauze SW,Hoyt HH,Frazee JP,Greiner PA,Marshall JM

更新日期：2019-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Epithelial cells and functions of the epithelium are critical to the health of the oral cavity. We used a nonhuman primate model to profile the transcriptome of gingival tissues in health across the lifespan and hypothesized that in older animals, epithelial-related transcriptome patterns would reflect epithelial cell...

journal_title：Advances in experimental medicine and biology

authors： Ebersole JL,Orraca L,Novak MJ,Kirakodu S,Gonzalez-Martinez J,Gonzalez OA

更新日期：2019-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The 1st International Conference on Oral Mucosal Immunity and the Microbiome (OMIM) took place at the Avra Imperial Hotel, Chania, Crete, Greece, between 26th and 30th September 2018, under the auspices of the Aegean Conferences. This was the first Aegean Conference of its kind in thematic oral research, and a unique ...

journal_title：Advances in experimental medicine and biology

authors： Belibasakis GN,Hajishengallis G

更新日期：2019-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Progression to the malignant state is fundamentally dependent on transcriptional regulation in cancer cells. Optimum abundance of cell cycle proteins, angiogenesis factors, immune evasion markers, etc. is needed for proliferation, metastasis or resistance to treatment. Therefore, dysregulation of transcription factors...

journal_title：Advances in experimental medicine and biology

authors： Thaper D,Vahid S,Zoubeidi A

更新日期：2019-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The propensity of prostate cancer cells to seed the skeleton and then progress into clinically relevant metastatic tumors is widely recognized and a major cause of morbidity and mortality for patients. The natural history of prostate adenocarcinoma most frequently begins with a tumor diagnosed at a localized stage, wh...

journal_title：Advances in experimental medicine and biology

authors： DiNatale A,Fatatis A

更新日期：2019-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The origin of some non communicable disease (NCDs) is in early life. Evidence has shown that early life nutrition is associated with the risk of developing chronic non communicable diseases. Pregnancy and infancy are the most critical stages that influence the risks of NCDs in childhood and adult life. Prenatal matern...

journal_title：Advances in experimental medicine and biology

authors： Heidari-Beni M

更新日期：2019-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Chronic nonmalignant pulmonary diseases impose a heavy burden on patients, generate health-care costs, and contribute to poor health-related quality of life. It has been found that a wide range of factors negatively affects quality of life, but the role of acceptance of illness needs to be further investigated. The ai...

journal_title：Advances in experimental medicine and biology

authors： Chabowski M,Juzwiszyn J,Bolanowska Z,Brzecka A,Jankowska-Polańska B

更新日期：2019-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:In Poland, influenza surveillance is conducted by 16 Provincial Sanitary Epidemiological Stations, headed by the Department of Influenza Research, National Influenza Center at the National Institute of Health - National Institute of Hygiene (NIPH-NIH). During the epidemic season 2016/2017, more than 4000 samples were ...

journal_title：Advances in experimental medicine and biology

authors： Szymański K,Cieślak K,Kowalczyk D,Hallmann-Szelińska E,Brydak LB

更新日期：2019-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The Utah electrode array (UEA) and its many derivatives have become a gold standard for high-channel count bi-directional neural interfaces, in particular in human subject applications. The chapter provides a brief overview of leading electrode concepts and the context in which the UEA has to be understood. It goes on...

journal_title：Advances in experimental medicine and biology

authors： Leber M,Körner J,Reiche CF,Yin M,Bhandari R,Franklin R,Negi S,Solzbacher F

更新日期：2019-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Cancer development originates in a single mutant cell transformed from a normal cell, including further evolution of pro-tumor cells through additional mutations into malignant cancer tissues. Data from recent studies, however, suggest that most pro-tumor cells do not develop into tumors but remain dormant within or a...

journal_title：Advances in experimental medicine and biology

authors： Tamori Y

更新日期：2019-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The synapse between the inner hair cells (IHCs) and the spiral ganglion neurons (SGNs) in mammalian cochleae is characterized as having presynaptic ribbons and therefore is called ribbon synapse. The special molecular organization is reviewed in this chapter in association with the functional feature of this synapse i...

journal_title：Advances in experimental medicine and biology

authors： Wang J,Yin S,Chen H,Shi L

更新日期：2019-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Mitochondrial dysfunction is discussed as a key player in the pathogenesis of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2Dm), a highly prevalent disease rapidly developing as one of the greatest global health challenges of this century. Data however about the involvement of mitochondria, central hubs in bioenergetic processes, in th...

journal_title：Advances in experimental medicine and biology

authors： Kappler L,Kollipara L,Lehmann R,Sickmann A

更新日期：2019-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:We start by describing the functions of the uterus, its structure, both gross and fine, innervation and blood supply. It is interesting to note the diversity of the female's reproductive tract between species and to remember it when working with different animal models. Myocytes are the overwhelming cell type of the u...

journal_title：Advances in experimental medicine and biology

authors： Wray S,Prendergast C

更新日期：2019-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:A multilayered epithelium to fulfil its function must be replaced throughout the lifespan. This is possible due to the presence of multipotent, self-renewing epidermal stem cells that give rise to differentiated cell lineages: keratinocytes, hairs, as well as sebocytes. Till now the molecular mechanisms responsible fo...

journal_title：Advances in experimental medicine and biology

authors： Lenkiewicz AM

更新日期：2019-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Given recent progress in our understanding of oligodendrocyte biology, significant attention has been directed toward cell therapy for myelin repair and remyelination. This trend has been reinforced by findings about the importance of white matter lesions in a variety of central nervous system (CNS) diseases, includin...

journal_title：Advances in experimental medicine and biology

authors： Ogata T

更新日期：2019-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:In the previous chapter we were able to automatically process text by recognizing a limited set of entities. This chapter will introduce the world of semantics, and present step-by-step examples to retrieve and enhance text and data processing by using semantics. The goal is to equip the reader with the basic set of s...

journal_title：Advances in experimental medicine and biology

authors： Couto FM

更新日期：2019-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Inappropriate dietary habits influence the development of excessive body weight. The role of added sugars, including fructose, notably is significant in this process. It is estimated that fructose intake has increased many times over the past two centuries. The aim of the study was to define the effect of fructose con...

journal_title：Advances in experimental medicine and biology

authors： Czerwonogrodzka-Senczyna A,Rumińska M,Majcher A,Credo D,Jeznach-Steinhagen A,Pyrżak B

更新日期：2019-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Generation of human-induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) from somatic cells has opened the possibility to design novel therapeutic approaches. In 2014, the first-in-human clinical trial of iPSC-based therapy was conducted. However, the transplantation for the second patient was discontinued at least in part due to g...

journal_title：Advances in experimental medicine and biology

authors： Yoshihara M,Oguchi A,Murakawa Y

更新日期：2019-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Nerve conduction in myelinated axons is a fascinating subject due to the intricate structure and complex properties of the axon and its relation to the equally complex Schwann cells surrounding it. This chapter first deals with normal functional aspects of voltage-gated ion channels in the axon and Schwann cell membra...

journal_title：Advances in experimental medicine and biology

authors： Franssen H

更新日期：2019-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Cancer treatment has greatly improved over the last 50 years, but it remains challenging in several cases. Useful therapeutic targets are normally unique peculiarities of cancer cells that distinguish them from normal cells and that can be tackled with appropriate drugs. It is now known that cell metabolism is rewired...

journal_title：Advances in experimental medicine and biology

authors： Maggi M,Scotti C

更新日期：2019-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Autophagy is an intracellular degradation and recycling machinery by which cellular materials are delivered to the lysosome for disposal. Beyond lysosomal degradation, autophagy genes play additional roles in secretion and membrane-trafficking pathways. Ranging from cell-intrinsic and cell-type-specific regulation of ...

journal_title：Advances in experimental medicine and biology

authors： Tan P,Ye Y,Mao J,He L

更新日期：2019-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) is currently one of the main concerns for human health.Due to its rapid increase and global diffusion, several common microbial infections might become not curable in the future decades, making it impossible to apply other lifesaver therapies, such as transplant or chemotherapy.AMR is fr...

journal_title：Advances in experimental medicine and biology

authors： Caselli E,D'Accolti M,Soffritti I,Lanzoni L,Bisi M,Volta A,Berloco F,Mazzacane S

更新日期：2019-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Helicobacter pylori infection of the human stomach is associated with chronic gastritis, peptic ulcer disease or gastric carcinoma, and thus a high burden for the public health systems worldwide. Fortunately, only a small subfraction of up to 15-20% of infected individuals will develop serious complications. Unfortuna...

journal_title：Advances in experimental medicine and biology

authors： Falkeis-Veits C,Vieth M

更新日期：2019-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Increasing evidence has shown that mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) isolated from body tissues are heterogeneous while being examined in vitro and in vivo. Besides some common characteristics, MSCs derived from different tissues exhibit unique biological properties. In addition, the therapeutic effects of MSCs may vary w...

journal_title：Advances in experimental medicine and biology

authors： Wang W,Han ZC

更新日期：2019-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:circRNAs have emerged as one of the key regulators in many cellular mechanisms and pathogenesis of diseases. However, with the limited knowledge and current technologies for circRNA investigations, there are several challenges that need to be addressed for. These include challenges in understanding the regulation of c...

journal_title：Advances in experimental medicine and biology

authors： Sulaiman SA,Abdul Murad NA,Mohamad Hanif EA,Abu N,Jamal R

更新日期：2018-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Circular RNAs (circRNAs) are endogenously expressed non-coding RNAs discovered in the early 1990s as a transcriptional by-product of little importance. It was only recently that they were identified as a key player in regulating the gene expression by targeting and modulating the functions of microRNA, a process known...

journal_title：Advances in experimental medicine and biology

authors： Gokul S,Rajanikant GK

更新日期：2018-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Circular RNAs characterize a class of widespread and diverse endogenous RNAs which are non-coding RNAs that are made by back-splicing events and have covalently closed loops with no polyadenylated tails. Various indications specify that circular RNAs (circRNAs) are plentiful in the human transcriptome. However, their ...

journal_title：Advances in experimental medicine and biology

authors： Shanmugapriya,Huda HA,Vijayarathna S,Oon CE,Chen Y,Kanwar JR,Ng ML,Sasidharan S

更新日期：2018-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Stromal cells and the immune functions that they regulate underpin multiple aspects of host defence, but the study of stromal cells as targets of infection and as regulators of anti-infective immunity is in its infancy and still limited to a few well-worked examples. In this review, the role of stromal cells at each s...

journal_title：Advances in experimental medicine and biology

authors： Kaye PM

更新日期：2018-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Intracellular changes in immune cells lead to metabolic dysfunction, which is termed immunometabolism. Chronic inflammation is a hallmark of aging; this phenomenon is described as inflamm-aging. Immunometabolism and inflamm-aging are closely linked to obesity, insulin resistance, type 2 diabetes (T2D), cardiovascular ...

journal_title：Advances in experimental medicine and biology

authors： Fang C,Xu H,Guo S,Mertens-Talcott SU,Sun Y

更新日期：2018-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Central nervous system diseases include brain or spinal cord impairments and may result in movement disorders almost always manifested by paralyzed muscles with preserved innervations and therefore susceptible to be activated by electrical stimulation. Functional electrical stimulation (FES)-assisted cycling is an app...

journal_title：Advances in experimental medicine and biology

authors： Rabelo M,de Moura Jucá RVB,Lima LAO,Resende-Martins H,Bó APL,Fattal C,Azevedo-Coste C,Fachin-Martins E

更新日期：2018-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:To date, there is no definitive treatment for Alzheimer's disease (AD). The realm of stem cells is very promising in regenerative medicine, particularly for neurodegenerative diseases. Various types of stem cells have been used in preclinical/clinical trials for AD aiming the development of an elusive disease modifyin...

journal_title：Advances in experimental medicine and biology

authors： Salem H,Colpo GD,Teixeira AL

更新日期：2018-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Muscle atrophy in aging is characterized by progressive loss of muscle mass and function. Muscle mass is determined by the balance of synthesis and degradation of protein, which are regulated by several signaling pathways such as ubiquitin-proteasome system, autophagy-lysosome systems, oxidative stress, proinflammator...

journal_title：Advances in experimental medicine and biology

authors： Zhang Y,Pan X,Sun Y,Geng YJ,Yu XY,Li Y

更新日期：2018-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF-1) is a key anabolic growth factor stimulating phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K)/Akt signaling which is well known for regulating muscle hypertrophy. However, the role of IGF-1 in muscle atrophy is less clear. This review provides an overview of the mechanisms via which IGF-1 signa...

journal_title：Advances in experimental medicine and biology

authors： Timmer LT,Hoogaars WMH,Jaspers RT

更新日期：2018-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The Notch pathway is crucial in the regulation of stem cells biology. Notch-mediated signalling controls several aspects of tissue homeostasis in both embryonic and adult tissues, balancing stem cells maintenance and differentiation. Although the major elements of the pathway are well conserved throughout evolution, i...

journal_title：Advances in experimental medicine and biology

authors： Bigas A,Porcheri C

更新日期：2018-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The anagen phase of the hair follicle cycle is when the follicle is configured to grow hair. In short hairs (e.g., mouse underhairs and human eye lashes) anagen phase is short, but in the wool of sheep and in human scalp hair anagen is a prolonged state lasting for years. In this chapter we describe the morphological ...

journal_title：Advances in experimental medicine and biology

authors： Harland DP

更新日期：2018-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Pioneering cell aggregation experiments from the Artavanis-Tsakonas group in the late 1980's localized the core ligand recognition sequence in the Drosophila Notch receptor to epidermal growth factor-like (EGF) domains 11 and 12. Since then, advances in protein expression, structure determination methods and functiona...

journal_title：Advances in experimental medicine and biology

authors： Handford PA,Korona B,Suckling R,Redfield C,Lea SM

更新日期：2018-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Despite sequence diversity, glycosylation, and conformational flexibility of the human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) envelope (Env), antibodies that neutralize diverse HIV-1 strains develop in selected HIV-1-infected individuals. The application of single B cell-based approaches has identified many broad and p...

journal_title：Advances in experimental medicine and biology

authors： Zhou T,Xu K

更新日期：2018-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Tumors consists of subpopulation of cells in which each subtype has contributes to tumor progression. Specifically one subtype known as cancer stem cells are associated with the initiation, progression, resistance to conventional therapies and metastasis. Metastasis is leading cause of cancer related deaths. Overall i...

journal_title：Advances in experimental medicine and biology

authors： Aydemir Çoban E,Şahin F

更新日期：2018-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Prevalence of zoonotic Mycobacterium bovis (bTB) disease in human population is underreported from the North of Pakistan. Here, we report on the proportion of human bTB disease among the overall TB patients, drug resistance pattern of bTB isolates, and knowledge, attitude, and practices (KAP)-based analysis of bTB dis...

journal_title：Advances in experimental medicine and biology

authors： Khattak I,Mushtaq MH,Ayaz S,Ali S,Sheed A,Muhammad J,Sohail ML,Amanullah H,Ahmad I,Ur Rahman S

更新日期：2018-01-01 00:00:00